Normal is the market going up and down in a manner that can be unnerving over short-term periods.

Simple portfolios continue to consistently outperform top endowments.

Generally accepted or not - Fees and expenses are costs

Private equity internal rate of return (IRR) and volatility calculations can sometimes be misleading.

It’s not enough to follow someone’s advice to invest in index funds. Actual passivity contradicts the trustee’s duty to act as a prudent fiduciary. Passive investment products are potentially as complex as any other, and prudence demands careful evaluation.

A large investment firm recently claimed its funds beat the market 93% of the time. They didn't.